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Linglib.Theories.Syntax.Minimalism.HeadMovement.GermanicV2

Part 1: The Lexicon #

We define the lexical items for the German sentence from @cite{harizanov-gribanova-2019}.

Diesen Film haben die Kinder gesehen.
this film have the children seen
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def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.verbHaben :
LIToken

The COMPLEX finite verb "haben" (have): both V and C features @cite{harizanov-gribanova-2019}

Following Harizanov (Section 5.2), V2 verbs are categorially complex:

  • V-component projects in base position
  • C-component projects in derived position
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    def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.tenseHead :
    LIToken

    Tense head: category T, selects V

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      def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.compDass :
      LIToken

      Complementizer "dass" (that): category C, selects T

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        def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.detGer :
        LIToken

        Determiner "die/diesen": category D, selects N

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          def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.nounKinder :
          LIToken

          "Kinder" (children): category N

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            def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.nounFilm :
            LIToken

            "Film" (film): category N

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              Part 2: Structure #

                      CP
       / \
    haben TP
          / \
    die Kinder T'
               / \
              T VP
                  / \
              haben diesen Film
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              def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.theFiniteVerb :
              SyntacticObject
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                def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.theT :
                SyntacticObject
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                  def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.dpDiesenFilm :
                  SyntacticObject

                  DP "diesen Film" (this film) = {D, N}

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                    def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.dpDieKinder :
                    SyntacticObject

                    DP "die Kinder" (the children) = {D, N}

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                      def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.vpV2 :
                      SyntacticObject

                      VP = {V, DP_object}

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                        def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.tBarV2 :
                        SyntacticObject

                        T' = {T, VP}

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                          def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.tpV2 :
                          SyntacticObject

                          TP = {DP_subject, T'}

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                            def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.cpV2 :
                            SyntacticObject

                            CP after V2 = {V, TP} — verb reprojects its C-features

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                              Part 3: Movement Structure #

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                              theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.verb_in_tp :
                              contains tpV2 theFiniteVerb
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                              def Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.germanicV2Movement :
                              Movement
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                                Part 4: Head-to-Head Properties #

                                The verb stays MINIMAL (a head) at C. It reprojects its C-features. This is the defining property of head-to-head movement.

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.verb_minimal_in_result :
                                isMinimalIn theFiniteVerb cpV2
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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.verb_was_head_in_target :
                                isHeadIn theFiniteVerb tpV2

                                Part 5: The Key Claim — T Intervenes #

                                This is the existence proof: we show T is between V and C, so V2 violates the HMC.

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.t_is_head_in_result :
                                isHeadIn theT cpV2

                                T is a head in the result structure

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.t_neq_v :
                                theT ≠ theFiniteVerb

                                T ≠ V (they have different LI tokens)

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.t_neq_tp :
                                theT ≠ tpV2

                                T ≠ TP (T is a leaf, TP is a node)

                                Part 6: Main Results #

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.t_intervenes_in_v2 :
                                isHeadIn theT cpV2 ∧ theT ≠ theFiniteVerb ∧ theT ≠ tpV2 ∧ contains tpV2 theT ∧ contains tBarV2 theFiniteVerb

                                MAIN THEOREM: T intervenes between V and C in V2

                                This establishes the structural condition for HMC violation. V moves to C, but T is between V's base position and C.

                                From Harizanov (p.35-36): "verb raises directly to its final landing site, moving across any and all intervening functional heads"

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                                theorem Minimalism.Phenomena.HeadMovement.GermanicV2.v2_mover_stays_minimal :
                                isMinimalIn germanicV2Movement.mover germanicV2Movement.result

                                V2 is head-to-head movement (mover stays minimal)

                                Unlike head-to-specifier where the mover becomes maximal, in head-to-head the mover reprojects and stays a head.

                                Appendix: Summary of Harizanov's Typology #

                                Head-to-specifier (e.g., Bulgarian LHM):

                                Head-to-head (e.g., Germanic V2):

                                Amalgamation (e.g., French V-to-T):