Documentation

Linglib.Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.AgentFocus

Q'anjob'al Agent Focus and Extraction Fragment #

@cite{coon-mateo-pedro-preminger-2014}

Morphological data on Q'anjob'al (Q'anjob'alan, Mayan) related to extraction asymmetries, Agent Focus, and the Crazy Antipassive.

Person Morphology (table (13)) #

Q'anjob'al has two agreement paradigms head-marked on the predicate:

Set A (ERG): prefixes with pre-consonantal and pre-vocalic allomorphs
Set B (ABS): suffixes; 3rd person is null (∅)

Status Suffixes (table (14)) #

The verb stem's final suffix encodes transitivity:

Intransitive: -i (ITV)
Transitive: -V' (TV)

These surface only phrase-finally; non-final forms omit them.

Morpheme Order (HIGH-ABS) #

Template: ASP - ABS - ERG - ROOT - (DERIV) - SUFFIX

Absolutive immediately follows the aspect marker (pre-stem position), confirming Q'anjob'al as a HIGH-ABS language.

Extraction Asymmetries #

S (intransitive subject): extracts freely
P (transitive object): extracts freely
A (transitive subject): banned without Agent Focus

Agent Focus #

AF suffix -on attaches to the verb stem. The verb carries the intransitive status suffix -i (not transitive -V'). Absolutive agreement co-indexes the notional object (not the subject). Used for wh-questions, focus, and relativization targeting the agent.

Crazy Antipassive #

The same -on morpheme appears in non-finite embedded transitives: Chi uj [hin y-il-on-i] ix Malin 'Maria can see me.' Analyzed as the same case-assigning mechanism in environments where Infl⁰ is absent.

inductive Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.PN :

Person-number values relevant for Q'anjob'al agreement.

p1sg : PN
p2sg : PN
p3sg : PN
p1pl : PN
p2pl : PN
p3pl : PN

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqPN :

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqPN x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPN.beq :

PN → PN → Bool

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPN.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPN :

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPN = { beq := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPN.beq }

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPN :

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPN = { reprPrec := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPN.repr }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPN.repr :

PN → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

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def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.setAPreC :

Set A (ergative/possessive) markers: pre-consonantal allomorphs.

Equations

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def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.setAPreV :

Set A (ergative/possessive) markers: pre-vocalic allomorphs.

Equations

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def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.setBMarker :

Set B (absolutive) markers: suffixes.

Equations

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theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.p3sg_abs_null :

setBMarker PN.p3sg = "-∅"

3rd person absolutive is null (∅).

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.p3sg_erg_allomorphy :

setAPreC PN.p3sg = "s-" ∧ setAPreV PN.p3sg = "y-"

3rd person ergative (pre-vocalic) is y-, pre-consonantal is s-.

inductive Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.StatusSuffix :

Verb status suffixes encode transitivity. Surface only phrase-finally.

itv : StatusSuffix
tv : StatusSuffix

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqStatusSuffix :

DecidableEq StatusSuffix

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqStatusSuffix x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqStatusSuffix.beq :

StatusSuffix → StatusSuffix → Bool

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqStatusSuffix.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqStatusSuffix :

BEq StatusSuffix

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqStatusSuffix = { beq := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqStatusSuffix.beq }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprStatusSuffix.repr :

StatusSuffix → ℕ → Std.Format

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instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprStatusSuffix :

Repr StatusSuffix

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprStatusSuffix = { reprPrec := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprStatusSuffix.repr }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.StatusSuffix.form :

StatusSuffix → String

Equations

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inductive Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.ExtractionTarget :

Extraction possibilities in Q'anjob'al transitive clauses.

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqExtractionTarget :

DecidableEq ExtractionTarget

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqExtractionTarget x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqExtractionTarget :

BEq ExtractionTarget

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqExtractionTarget = { beq := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqExtractionTarget.beq }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqExtractionTarget.beq :

ExtractionTarget → ExtractionTarget → Bool

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqExtractionTarget.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprExtractionTarget.repr :

ExtractionTarget → ℕ → Std.Format

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instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprExtractionTarget :

Repr ExtractionTarget

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprExtractionTarget = { reprPrec := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprExtractionTarget.repr }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.ExtractionTarget.extractable :

ExtractionTarget → Bool

Can this argument be A-bar extracted from a regular transitive clause?

Equations

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theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.agent_extraction_banned :

ExtractionTarget.agent.extractable = false

A (transitive subject) cannot be extracted.

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.absolutive_extraction_free :

ExtractionTarget.intranS.extractable = true ∧ ExtractionTarget.patient.extractable = true

S and P extract freely.

structure Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.VerbMorphology :

Morphological properties of a Q'anjob'al verb form.

hasAFSuffix : Bool
Does the verb bear the AF suffix -on?
statusSuffix : StatusSuffix
Which status suffix: ITV or TV?
hasSetA : Bool
Does the verb bear Set A (ergative) agreement?

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqVerbMorphology :

DecidableEq VerbMorphology

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqVerbMorphology = Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqVerbMorphology.decEq

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqVerbMorphology.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : VerbMorphology) :

Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

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One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

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def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqVerbMorphology.beq :

VerbMorphology → VerbMorphology → Bool

Equations

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Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqVerbMorphology.beq x✝¹ x✝ = false

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqVerbMorphology :

BEq VerbMorphology

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqVerbMorphology = { beq := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqVerbMorphology.beq }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprVerbMorphology.repr :

VerbMorphology → ℕ → Std.Format

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instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprVerbMorphology :

Repr VerbMorphology

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprVerbMorphology = { reprPrec := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprVerbMorphology.repr }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.regularTransitive :

Regular transitive verb form.

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.regularTransitive = { hasAFSuffix := false, statusSuffix := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.StatusSuffix.tv, hasSetA := true }

Instances For

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.agentFocusForm :

Agent Focus verb form.

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.agentFocusForm = { hasAFSuffix := true, statusSuffix := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.StatusSuffix.itv, hasSetA := false }

Instances For

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.af_has_itv_suffix :

agentFocusForm.statusSuffix = StatusSuffix.itv

AF carries the intransitive status suffix -i, not -V'. This is the morphological reflex of AF Voice being non-phasal (intransitive v⁰). Despite the clause having two non-oblique core arguments, the verb's status suffix signals intransitivity.

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.af_no_set_a :

agentFocusForm.hasSetA = false

AF lacks Set A (ergative) agreement.

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.trans_has_set_a :

regularTransitive.hasSetA = true

Regular transitives have Set A agreement.

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.VerbMorphology.permitsAgentExtraction (v : VerbMorphology) :

Can the agent be extracted with this verb form?

Equations

v.permitsAgentExtraction = v.hasAFSuffix

Instances For

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.af_permits_extraction :

agentFocusForm.permitsAgentExtraction = true ∧ regularTransitive.permitsAgentExtraction = false

AF permits agent extraction; regular transitive does not.

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.crazyAntipassiveForm :

The Crazy Antipassive uses the same -on morpheme as AF, but in non-finite embedded transitives rather than extraction contexts. Both carry the intransitive status suffix -i.

Chi uj [hin y-il-on-i] ix Malin 'Maria can see me.' Lanan [hach hin-laq'-on-i] 'I am hugging you.'

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.crazyAntipassiveForm = { hasAFSuffix := true, statusSuffix := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.StatusSuffix.itv, hasSetA := false }

Instances For

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.crazy_ap_is_af_form :

crazyAntipassiveForm = agentFocusForm

The Crazy Antipassive is morphologically identical to AF.

inductive Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.PersonRestriction :

In Q'anjob'al, AF is restricted to clauses with 3rd person agents. 1st and 2nd person agents use the regular transitive form even when focused or extracted. Compare (72a-b) of @cite{coon-mateo-pedro-preminger-2014}:

3rd person: A Juan max maq'-on[-i] no tx'i'. (AF required)
1st person: Ay-in max hin-maq'[-a'] no tx'i'. (regular transitive)

The tentative account: 1st/2nd person agents may be base-generated in a high clausal position (Spec,CP), so no extraction through the vP phase edge is needed — the trapping problem never arises.

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqPersonRestriction :

DecidableEq PersonRestriction

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instDecidableEqPersonRestriction x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPersonRestriction.beq :

PersonRestriction → PersonRestriction → Bool

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPersonRestriction.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPersonRestriction :

BEq PersonRestriction

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPersonRestriction = { beq := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instBEqPersonRestriction.beq }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPersonRestriction.repr :

PersonRestriction → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

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Instances For

instance Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPersonRestriction :

Repr PersonRestriction

Equations

Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPersonRestriction = { reprPrec := Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.instReprPersonRestriction.repr }

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.PersonRestriction.requiresAF :

PersonRestriction → Bool

Does AF apply for this person of agent? Only 3rd person.

Equations

Instances For

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.af_only_third_person :

PersonRestriction.third.requiresAF = true ∧ PersonRestriction.first.requiresAF = false ∧ PersonRestriction.second.requiresAF = false

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.PersonRestriction.requiresCrazyAP (_p : PersonRestriction) :

The Crazy Antipassive does NOT have this person restriction: it appears with all persons in non-finite embedded transitives. This is expected because the Crazy Antipassive is triggered by the absence of Infl⁰ (a property of the embedded clause), not by extraction through a phase edge.

Equations

_p.requiresCrazyAP = true

Instances For

theorem Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.crazy_ap_all_persons :

PersonRestriction.first.requiresCrazyAP = true ∧ PersonRestriction.second.requiresCrazyAP = true ∧ PersonRestriction.third.requiresCrazyAP = true

def Fragments.Mayan.Qanjobal.extractionProfile :

Interfaces.ExtractionProfile

Q'anjob'al's extraction morphology profile.

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