A Discourse Representation Structure (DRS).
Note: This is a simplified representation. Full DRT would have recursive structure with embedded DRSs.
Universe: set of discourse referents introduced
Conditions: predicates over the referents
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DRS condition: atomic predicate over discourse referents.
- atom {E : Type u_1} : ((ℕ → E) → Prop) → DRSCondition E
- neg {E : Type u_1} : DRS E → DRSCondition E
- impl {E : Type u_1} : DRS E → DRS E → DRSCondition E
- disj {E : Type u_1} : DRS E → DRS E → DRSCondition E
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DRS merge: combine two DRSs.
K₁; K₂ combines drefss and conditions.
Equations
- k1.merge k2 = { drefs := k1.drefs ∪ k2.drefs, conditions := k1.conditions ++ k2.conditions }
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Accessibility in DRT: a referent is accessible from a condition if it's in the drefs of a dominating DRS.
This simplified version just checks if x is in the drefs.
Equations
- k.accessible x = (x ∈ k.drefs)
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An embedding function maps discourse referents to entities.
Equations
- Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.Embedding E = (ℕ → E)
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DRS satisfaction: embedding f satisfies DRS K in model M.
Simplified version checking conditions hold.
Equations
- k.satisfies f = ∀ cond ∈ k.conditions, cond f
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A layered DRS condition: a standard DRS condition tagged with the content layer it contributes to.
@cite{van-der-sandt-maier-2003}: in LDRT, every condition carries a label indicating its discourse role. The layer determines how the condition behaves under denial:
prconditions survive propositional denialfrconditions survive presuppositional denialimpconditions survive implicature denial
The content layer this condition contributes to
- condition : DRSCondition E
The underlying DRS condition
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A Layered DRS (LDRS): a DRS whose conditions carry content-layer tags.
This is the core data structure of @cite{van-der-sandt-maier-2003}'s
LDRT. A standard DRS is the special case where all conditions are
tagged fr (at-issue).
Universe: discourse referents
- conditions : List (LayeredCondition E)
Layered conditions
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Extract all conditions at a given layer.
Equations
- k.atLayer l = List.map (fun (x : Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.LayeredCondition E) => x.condition) (List.filter (fun (x : Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.LayeredCondition E) => x.layer == l) k.conditions)
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Project an LDRS to a standard DRS by stripping layer tags.
Equations
- k.toDRSFull = { drefs := k.drefs, conditions := List.map (fun (x : Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.LayeredCondition E) => x.condition) k.conditions }
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Lift a standard DRS to an LDRS by tagging all conditions as at-issue.
A plain DRS is an LDRS where everything is fr.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
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Round-trip: DRSFull → LDRS → DRSFull preserves conditions.
LDRS merge: combine two layered DRSs, preserving layer tags.
Equations
- k1.merge k2 = { drefs := k1.drefs ∪ k2.drefs, conditions := k1.conditions ++ k2.conditions }
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The offensive conditions of an LDRS with respect to a correction: those whose layer is in the offensive set.
In denial, these are the conditions that get retracted. The non-offensive conditions are resolved normally (forward anaphora into the post-correction context).
Equations
- k.offensiveConditions offLayers = List.filter (fun (x : Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.LayeredCondition E) => offLayers.contains x.layer) k.conditions
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The surviving conditions after denial: those NOT at offensive layers.
Equations
- k.survivingConditions offLayers = List.filter (fun (x : Semantics.Dynamic.DRT.LayeredCondition E) => !offLayers.contains x.layer) k.conditions
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Offensive + surviving = all conditions (partition).
The paper's deepest architectural claim: assertion is monotonic (merge only adds conditions), while denial is non-monotonic (surviving conditions are a subset of the original). Standard DRT update is monotonic; denial is the ONLY operation that removes information from the discourse context.
Assertion (merge) is monotonic: the result has at least as many conditions as the original LDRS.
Denial (surviving conditions) is non-monotonic: the result has at most as many conditions as the original LDRS.