The prejacent and scalar alternative set is "almost closed" under conjunction. The universal is the conjunction of all singleton assertions.
Pre-exhaustified domain alternatives are pairwise inconsistent. For distinct d₁, d₂ ∈ D: preExh(d₁) ∧ preExh(d₂) = ⊥
You can't have "exactly d₁ satisfies P" AND "exactly d₂ satisfies P".
The conjunction of ALL pre-exhaustified domain alternatives is ⊥ (when |D| ≥ 2).
The EFCI alternative set fails closure under conjunction when |D| ≥ 2. The witness: {preExh(d₁), preExh(d₂)} ⊆ ALT but ⋀{preExh(d₁), preExh(d₂)} = ⊥.
Connection to Spector's Theorem 9 #
Spector's main result: When ALT is closed under conjunction, exh_mw ≡ exh_ie.
For EFCI:
- The full alternative set is not closed (theorem above)
- Therefore Theorem 9 doesn't directly apply
- Rescue mechanisms (modal insertion, partial exhaustification) can be understood as restoring consistency by pruning the alternative set
Pruning to scalar-only alternatives may restore closure properties. The universal is in the scalar alt set.
Domain-only alternatives (scalar pruned) still have the inconsistency. But under innocent exclusion, not all can be negated together.
The Root of the EFCI Explanation #
The deep explanation for EFCI behavior has three parts:
1. Why Full Exhaustification Causes Contradiction #
Pre-exhaustified domain alternatives are mutually exclusive:
- preExh(d) = "d is the unique satisfier"
- Two things can't both be the unique satisfier
- So ⋀_d preExh(d) = ⊥ for |D| ≥ 2
When we add scalar negation (¬∀), we get XOR. XOR combined with the equivalence from domain negations yields ⊥.
2. Why Rescue Mechanisms Work #
Modal insertion (irgendein):
- Insert ◇ above the existential
- Now ◇[preExh(d₁)] and ◇[preExh(d₂)] are compatible
- "Possibly only d₁, possibly only d₂" is consistent
- Result: Modal variation (at least two possibilities)
Partial exhaustification (yek-i):
- Prune scalar alternatives → only domain alternatives remain
- Under innocent exclusion: can't negate all domain alts
- (Negating preExh(d) for ALL d makes the prejacent false)
- Result: No negations added; uniqueness via pragmatic reasoning
3. Why Uniqueness Emerges in Root Contexts #
For yek-i in root (no modal):
- Partial exh with domain-only yields: ∃x. P(x) (no negations)
- But the ALTERNATIVE SET still includes preExh(d) for each d
- Pragmatic reasoning: "Why did the speaker use yek-i (activating domain alternatives) if not to convey that exactly one satisfies P?"
- This is a secondary pragmatic inference, not from exhaustification
Summary #
The root explanation is mutual exclusivity of pre-exhaustified alternatives:
- Full exhaustification → contradiction (because preExh alts conflict)
- Modal insertion → compatibility under possibility
- Partial exhaustification → no negations (IE can't negate consistently)
- Uniqueness → pragmatic reasoning about alternative activation
The negation of a pre-exhaustified alternative. ¬preExh(d) = "d is not the unique satisfier" = "either ¬P(d) or ∃y≠d. P(y)"
Equations
Instances For
The conjunction of negated pre-exhaustified alternatives. This says "NO element is the unique satisfier" = "either none or ≥2 satisfy P".
Equations
- NeoGricean.Exhaustivity.EFCIClosure.allNotPreExh D P w = ∀ d ∈ D, NeoGricean.Exhaustivity.EFCIClosure.notPreExh D d P w
Instances For
allNotPreExh is false when exactly one element satisfies P.
If exactly d₀ satisfies P, then preExh(d₀) is TRUE (d₀ is unique), so notPreExh(d₀) is FALSE, so allNotPreExh is FALSE.
This is why innocent exclusion can't negate ALL domain alternatives while keeping the prejacent (∃x. P(x)) true with a unique witness.