structure Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.NegativeQuestionDatum : Type

A negative question datum records epistemic bias

• sentence : String

  The sentence

• negationPosition : String

  Negation position

• epistemicBias : Option String

  Epistemic bias (positive, negative, or none)

• notes : String

  Notes

• source : String

  Citation

instance Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprNegativeQuestionDatum : Repr NegativeQuestionDatum

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• Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprNegativeQuestionDatum = { reprPrec := Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprNegativeQuestionDatum.repr }

def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprNegativeQuestionDatum.repr : NegativeQuestionDatum → Nat → Std.Format

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.preposedNegation : NegativeQuestionDatum

Preposed negation forces positive bias

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.nonPreposedNegation : NegativeQuestionDatum

Non-preposed negation allows neutral reading

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.reallyBias : NegativeQuestionDatum

Adverb "really" triggers positive bias

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structure Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.LaddAmbiguityDatum : Type

@cite{ladd-1981}'s ambiguity: same form, opposite implicatures

• question : String

  The question form

• piVariant : String

  Positive-implicature variant (with PPIs like "too")

• niVariant : String

  Negative-implicature variant (with NPIs like "either")

• piReading : String

  PI interpretation

• niReading : String

  NI interpretation

• notes : String

  Notes

• source : String

  Citation

instance Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprLaddAmbiguityDatum : Repr LaddAmbiguityDatum

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• Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprLaddAmbiguityDatum = { reprPrec := Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprLaddAmbiguityDatum.repr }

def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprLaddAmbiguityDatum.repr : LaddAmbiguityDatum → Nat → Std.Format

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.laddJaneComing : LaddAmbiguityDatum

Classic Ladd example

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.laddSomeAny : LaddAmbiguityDatum

Another Ladd example with some/any

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.laddAlreadyYet : LaddAmbiguityDatum

Already/yet contrast

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structure Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.CrossLinguisticDatum : Type

Cross-linguistic negative question data

• language : String

  Language

• sentence : String

  Sentence

• gloss : String

  Gloss

• translation : String

  Translation

• biasStrategy : String

  How the language marks bias

• notes : String

  Notes

• source : String

  Citation

def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprCrossLinguisticDatum.repr : CrossLinguisticDatum → Nat → Std.Format

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instance Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprCrossLinguisticDatum : Repr CrossLinguisticDatum

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• Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprCrossLinguisticDatum = { reprPrec := Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprCrossLinguisticDatum.repr }

def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.germanNegQ : CrossLinguisticDatum

German: clitic position determines PI vs NI

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.spanishNegQ : CrossLinguisticDatum

Spanish: tampoco/también for NI/PI

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.koreanNegQ : CrossLinguisticDatum

Korean: morphological marking

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.bulgarianNegQ : CrossLinguisticDatum

Bulgarian: separate negation and question particles

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.greekNegQ : CrossLinguisticDatum

Modern Greek: dhen vs mi negation

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structure Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.PartitionDatum : Type

Data on balanced vs unbalanced question partitions

• question : String

  The question

• balanced : Bool

  Is the partition balanced ({p, ¬p})?

• partitionDescription : String

  Partition cells description

• notes : String

  Notes

• source : String

  Citation

instance Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprPartitionDatum : Repr PartitionDatum

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• Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprPartitionDatum = { reprPrec := Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprPartitionDatum.repr }

def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.instReprPartitionDatum.repr : PartitionDatum → Nat → Std.Format

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.balancedPartition : PartitionDatum

Neutral question: balanced partition

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.piUnbalancedPartition : PartitionDatum

Negative question with positive bias: unbalanced

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.niUnbalancedPartition : PartitionDatum

Negative question with negative bias: unbalanced

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.generalization1 : String

Romero & Han's Generalization 1

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.generalization2 : String

Romero & Han's Generalization 2 (Ladd's p/¬p ambiguity)

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.negativeQuestionData : List NegativeQuestionDatum

All basic negative question data

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.laddAmbiguityData : List LaddAmbiguityDatum

All Ladd ambiguity data

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.crossLinguisticData : List CrossLinguisticDatum

All cross-linguistic data

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def Phenomena.Questions.NegativeQuestions.partitionData : List PartitionDatum

All partition data

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