A diagnostic test result: sentence + judgment.
- frame : String
The diagnostic frame used
- trigger : String
The trigger being tested
- content : String
The content being probed
- sentence : String
Full sentence
- judgment : Core.Empirical.Acceptability
Native speaker judgment
- interpretation : String
What the judgment indicates
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The "allows for" test identifies preconditions (@cite{roberts-simons-2024} §2.1).
Frame: "ψ, which is part of what allows/allowed for φ"
If acceptable, ψ is an ontological precondition of the event in φ. Preconditions are states that must hold for the event to be possible.
Atelic caveat (@cite{roberts-simons-2024} p. 711–712): For atelic target verbs (e.g., know), the "allows for" frame can yield true readings for concomitants due to a "definitional" sense of possibility. Fix: substitute "come to V" to force a telic, inceptive interpretation. Example: use "come to know" rather than "know" in the frame.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.allowsForFrame = "_, which is part of what allowed for _"
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@cite{roberts-simons-2024} ex. 5a adapted to stop.
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@cite{roberts-simons-2024} ex. 5a adapted to start.
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@cite{roberts-simons-2024} ex. 13a: selectional restriction passes.
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@cite{roberts-simons-2024} ex. 13b: concomitant fails.
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@cite{roberts-simons-2024} ex. 5b adapted: consequence fails "allows for".
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The counterfactual test confirms preconditions (@cite{roberts-simons-2024} §2.1).
Frame: "If not-ψ, it would not have been possible for [agent] to VP"
If acceptable, ψ is an ontological precondition: without it, the event couldn't have occurred.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.counterfactualFrame = "If not _, it would not have been possible for _ to _"
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"If the robot did not have feet, it would not have been possible for the robot to kick the tree." (T)
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"If John hadn't been ignorant of whether the jewels had been stolen, he couldn't have discovered that the jewels had been stolen." (T)
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"If Yasmin had not been smoking, it would not have been possible for Yasmin to continue to smoke." (T)
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The "results in" test identifies consequences.
Frame: "S results in C"
If acceptable, C is a consequence of the event described by S. Consequences are states that follow from the event occurring.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.resultsInFrame = "_ results in _"
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"John stopped smoking results in him no longer smoking"
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"John started smoking results in him now being a smoker"
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"John won the race results in him being the winner"
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"John stopped smoking results in him having been a smoker" — ODD
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"John started smoking results in him having never smoked" — ODD
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The precondition/consequence diagnostic pattern.
Empirical observation: For change-of-state predicates,
- Prior states pass "allows for" but fail "results in"
- Result states pass "results in" but fail "allows for"
This pattern holds across CoS verbs (stop, start, continue, finish, etc.)
- predicate : String
The predicate being tested
- priorPassesAllowsFor : Bool
Prior state passes "allows for"
- priorFailsResultsIn : Bool
Prior state fails "results in"
- resultPassesResultsIn : Bool
Result state passes "results in"
- resultFailsAllowsFor : Bool
Result state fails "allows for"
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Pattern for "stop"
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Pattern for "start"
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Pattern for "win"
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The diagnostic pattern is uniform across predicates.
This suggests a systematic distinction between preconditions and consequences, not an idiosyncratic property of individual lexical items.
Content that passes "allows for" projects.
The precondition/consequence tests predict projection behavior:
- Preconditions (pass "allows for") → project through negation
- Consequences (pass "results in") → do not project through negation
Example:
- "John didn't stop smoking" still implies he was smoking (precondition projects)
- "John didn't stop smoking" does not imply he's not smoking (consequence doesn't project)
- contentType : String
Content type
- passesAllowsFor : Bool
Passes "allows for" test
- projectsThroughNegation : Bool
Projects through negation
- correlation : Bool
The two properties correlate
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Prior state of "stop": passes "allows for", projects
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Result state of "stop": fails "allows for", doesn't project
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The negation test for presupposition.
Frame: "It's not the case that S"
If content C survives (is still implied), C is presupposed by S.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.negationTestFrame = "It's not the case that _"
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"It's not the case that John stopped smoking"
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The question test for presupposition.
Frame: "Is it the case that S?"
If content C survives (is still implied), C is presupposed by S.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.questionTestFrame = "Is it the case that _?"
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"Did John stop smoking?"
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The conditional test for presupposition filtering.
Frame: "If P, then S" where P entails the presupposition
If the presupposition is filtered (not globally projected), it shows local satisfaction by the antecedent.
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- Phenomena.Presupposition.Diagnostics.conditionalFilterFrame = "If _, then _"
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"If John was smoking, he stopped"
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