Japanese Case Inventory @cite{blake-1994}

Japanese marks case with postpositional particles:

• -ga (NOM), -o (ACC), -no (GEN), -ni (DAT/LOC/ALL)
• -kara (ABL), -de (INST/LOC), -to (COM), -e (ALL)

The particle -ni is highly polysemous, covering dative, locative, and allative functions — a cross-linguistically common pattern that Blake documents as ALL → DAT extension (Ch. 6). Similarly, -de covers both instrumental and locative functions.

def Fragments.Japanese.Case.caseInventory : List Core.Case

Japanese case inventory, mapped from particles to Core.Case: -ga → NOM, -o → ACC, -no → GEN, -ni → DAT/LOC/ALL, -kara → ABL, -de → INST (also LOC), -to → COM, -e → ALL.

Equations

• Fragments.Japanese.Case.caseInventory = [Core.Case.nom, Core.Case.acc, Core.Case.gen, Core.Case.dat, Core.Case.loc, Core.Case.abl, Core.Case.all, Core.Case.inst, Core.Case.com]

theorem Fragments.Japanese.Case.inventory_valid : Core.validInventory caseInventory = true

Contiguous on Blake's hierarchy (ranks 6 down to 1, all present).