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Linglib.Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology

Indonesian Morphophonology #

@cite{sneddon-1996}

The nasal assimilation rules governing the meN- prefix allomorph selection, from @cite{sneddon-1996} §1.5.

meN- allomorph rules #

The capital N in meN- represents a nasal that assimilates to the first segment of the base. The nasal can surface as m, n, ny, ng, or zero, and in some cases the base-initial consonant is deleted:

Base initialPrefixDeletion?Example
vowel, g, k, hmeng-k deletedmeng-ajar, meng-irim
b, p, fmem-p deletedmem-beli, mem-akai
d, t, c, j, zmen-t deletedmen-dengar, men-ulis
smeny-s deletedmeny-ewa
l, r, m, n, w, yme-—me-lihat, me-masak
source
def Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.meNPrefix :
Char → String

The meN- allomorph prefix selected by the initial segment of the root (@cite{sneddon-1996} §1.5). The nasal N undergoes assimilation:

  • Before b, p, f: mem- (bilabial nasal m)
  • Before d, t, c, j, z: men- (alveolar nasal n)
  • Before s: meny- (palatal nasal ny; s deleted)
  • Before l, r, m, n, w, y: me- (N lost)
  • Elsewhere (vowels, g, k, h): meng- (velar nasal ng)
Equations
Instances For
    source
    def Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.deriveMeN (root : String) :
    Option String

    Derive the expected meN- form from a root, using the phonological rules from @cite{sneddon-1996} §1.5. The result shows the morpheme boundary (prefix-root), preserving the root-initial consonant even when it is deleted in the surface form (e.g., mem-pecah rather than memecah).

    Equations
    Instances For
      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.vowel_meng :
      meNPrefix 'a' = "meng"

      Vowel-initial roots get meng-.

      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.labial_mem :
      meNPrefix 'b' = "mem" ∧ meNPrefix 'p' = "mem"

      Labial-initial roots get mem-.

      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.dental_men :
      meNPrefix 'd' = "men" ∧ meNPrefix 't' = "men" ∧ meNPrefix 'c' = "men" ∧ meNPrefix 'j' = "men"

      Dental-initial roots get men-.

      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.sibilant_meny :
      meNPrefix 's' = "meny"

      Sibilant-initial roots get meny-.

      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.sonorant_me :
      meNPrefix 'l' = "me" ∧ meNPrefix 'r' = "me" ∧ meNPrefix 'm' = "me"

      Sonorant-initial roots get me-.

      source
      theorem Fragments.Indonesian.Morphophonology.velar_meng :
      meNPrefix 'g' = "meng" ∧ meNPrefix 'k' = "meng" ∧ meNPrefix 'h' = "meng"

      Velar-initial roots get meng-.