Documentation

Linglib.Fragments.German.PolarityMarking

German Polarity-Marking Strategies #

@cite{turco-braun-dimroth-2014} @cite{hohle-1992} @cite{romero-han-2004}

Lexical entries for how German marks polarity switches (negation → affirmation).

The key finding of @cite{turco-braun-dimroth-2014} is that German does NOT use sentence-internal particles for polarity switches. Instead, German relies on Verum focus: a pitch accent on the finite verb. The particle doch can appear pre-utterance in corrections but is not sentence-internal in the relevant sense.

This file is named "PolarityMarking" rather than "Particles" precisely because German's strategy is non-particulate.

Cross-Module Connections #

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def Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.verumFocus :
Core.InformationStructure.PolarityMarkingEntry

Verum focus — pitch accent on the finite verb. Dominant strategy in German for neg→affirm switches in both contexts.

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    def Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.dochPreUtterance :
    Core.InformationStructure.PolarityMarkingEntry

    doch — polarity-reversing correction particle (@cite{holmberg-2016}). Assigns [+Pol] while contradicting a negative context. Available only in corrections, NOT sentence-internal in the sense of @cite{turco-braun-dimroth-2014}: it precedes the utterance rather than appearing within the VP/middle field. Cross-linguistically the same class as Swedish jo and French si.

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      def Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.allPolarityMarkings :
      List Core.InformationStructure.PolarityMarkingEntry
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.vf_prosodicTarget :
        verumFocus.prosodicTarget = some "finite verb"
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.vf_sentenceInternal :
        verumFocus.sentenceInternal = true
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.vf_contrastOk :
        verumFocus.contrastOk = true
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.vf_correctionOk :
        verumFocus.correctionOk = true
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.vf_strategy :
        verumFocus.strategy = Core.InformationStructure.PolarityMarkingStrategy.verumFocus
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.doch_form :
        dochPreUtterance.form = some "doch"
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.doch_not_sentenceInternal :
        dochPreUtterance.sentenceInternal = false
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.doch_not_contrastOk :
        dochPreUtterance.contrastOk = false
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.doch_correctionOk :
        dochPreUtterance.correctionOk = true
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        theorem Fragments.German.PolarityMarking.doch_strategy :
        dochPreUtterance.strategy = Core.InformationStructure.PolarityMarkingStrategy.polarityReversal