Documentation

Linglib.Fragments.English.TDDeletion

English t/d-Deletion: Cross-Dialectal Data #

@cite{coetzee-pater-2011}

Cross-dialectal deletion rates for word-final t/d in English consonant clusters (e.g. west → wes), from @cite{coetzee-pater-2011} table (10). Per-dialect data sources (footnote 3): AAVE (Fasold 1972), Chicano (Santa Ana 1992), Jamaican (Patrick 1992), Trinidad (Kang 1994), Tejano (Bayley 1995).

External context #

The key conditioning factor is the following segment — what comes after the word-final cluster:

The cross-dialectal generalization is that deletion rate follows: pre-C ≥ pre-pause ≥ pre-V

with the inequality being strict in most dialects.

Dialects #

Five dialects from the sociolinguistic literature, each with distinct absolute rates but obeying the pre-C ≥ pre-pause ≥ pre-V ordering. Chicano English is the sole exception: it has pre-V > pre-pause (@cite{coetzee-pater-2011} table 10, p. 410).

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inductive Fragments.English.TDDeletion.Context :
Type

External phonological context following the word-final cluster.

Instances For
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    instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instDecidableEqContext :
    DecidableEq Context
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    def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqContext.beq :
    Context → Context → Bool
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    Instances For
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      instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqContext :
      BEq Context
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      instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprContext :
      Repr Context
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      def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprContext.repr :
      Context → ℕ → Std.Format
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        instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instInhabitedContext :
        Inhabited Context
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        def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instInhabitedContext.default :
        Context
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        Instances For
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          inductive Fragments.English.TDDeletion.Dialect :
          Type

          English dialects with t/d-deletion data.

          Instances For
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            instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instDecidableEqDialect :
            DecidableEq Dialect
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            instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqDialect :
            BEq Dialect
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            def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqDialect.beq :
            Dialect → Dialect → Bool
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            Instances For
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              def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprDialect.repr :
              Dialect → ℕ → Std.Format
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                instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprDialect :
                Repr Dialect
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                instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instInhabitedDialect :
                Inhabited Dialect
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                def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instInhabitedDialect.default :
                Dialect
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                Instances For
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                  def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.deletionRate :
                  Dialect → Context → ℕ

                  Observed deletion rate as a percentage (integer). From @cite{coetzee-pater-2011} table (10), p. 410.

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                    def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.allDialects :
                    List Dialect

                    All dialects.

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                      def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.allContexts :
                      List Context

                      All contexts.

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                      Instances For
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                        theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.preC_ge_preV (d : Dialect) :
                        deletionRate d Context.preC ≥ deletionRate d Context.preV

                        Pre-consonantal deletion ≥ pre-vocalic in every dialect.

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                        theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.preC_ge_pause_non_chicano (d : Dialect) (h : d ≠ Dialect.chicano) :
                        deletionRate d Context.preC ≥ deletionRate d Context.pause

                        Pre-consonantal deletion ≥ pre-pausal in every dialect except Chicano.

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                        theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.chicano_preV_gt_pause :
                        deletionRate Dialect.chicano Context.preV > deletionRate Dialect.chicano Context.pause

                        Chicano is exceptional: pre-vocalic > pre-pausal.

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                        theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.pause_ge_preV_non_chicano (d : Dialect) (h : d ≠ Dialect.chicano) :
                        deletionRate d Context.pause ≥ deletionRate d Context.preV

                        In all non-Chicano dialects, pre-pausal ≥ pre-vocalic.

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                        inductive Fragments.English.TDDeletion.MorphStatus :
                        Type

                        Morphological status of the word-final t/d. @cite{coetzee-pater-2011} table (7), p. 407.

                        Instances For
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                          instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instDecidableEqMorphStatus :
                          DecidableEq MorphStatus
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                          def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqMorphStatus.beq :
                          MorphStatus → MorphStatus → Bool
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                          Instances For
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                            instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqMorphStatus :
                            BEq MorphStatus
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                            def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprMorphStatus.repr :
                            MorphStatus → ℕ → Std.Format
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                              instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprMorphStatus :
                              Repr MorphStatus
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                              inductive Fragments.English.TDDeletion.MorphDialect :
                              Type

                              Dialect labels for table (7) morphological data. Note: table (7) uses different dialects than table (10) — Philadelphia English replaces AAVE; Jamaican and Trinidad have no morph data.

                              Instances For
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                                instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instDecidableEqMorphDialect :
                                DecidableEq MorphDialect
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                                def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqMorphDialect.beq :
                                MorphDialect → MorphDialect → Bool
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                                Instances For
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                                  instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instBEqMorphDialect :
                                  BEq MorphDialect
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                                  instance Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprMorphDialect :
                                  Repr MorphDialect
                                  Equations
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                                  def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.instReprMorphDialect.repr :
                                  MorphDialect → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                  Instances For
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                                    def Fragments.English.TDDeletion.morphDeletionRate :
                                    MorphDialect → MorphStatus → ℕ

                                    Deletion rate by morphological status and dialect (percentages). From @cite{coetzee-pater-2011} table (7).

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                                      theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.mono_ge_regular (d : MorphDialect) :
                                      morphDeletionRate d MorphStatus.monomorpheme ≥ morphDeletionRate d MorphStatus.regularPast

                                      Monomorpheme deletion ≥ regular past in every dialect with data. This is the morphological generalization from §3.1.

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                                      theorem Fragments.English.TDDeletion.semiWeak_ge_regular (d : MorphDialect) :
                                      morphDeletionRate d MorphStatus.semiWeakPast ≥ morphDeletionRate d MorphStatus.regularPast

                                      Semi-weak past ≥ regular past in every dialect with data. This captures the three-way morphological gradient from §3.1.