Documentation

Linglib.Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation

Discourse Coherence Relations #

@cite{hobbs-1979} @cite{kehler-2002} @cite{umbach-2004}

Coherence relations classify how adjacent discourse segments connect. Each relation belongs to one of three classes (resemblance, cause–effect, contiguity) and has a directionality that determines which segment provides the cause/explanation.

Key insight for IC bias #

@cite{kehler-2002} argues that coherence relations determine which participant listeners seek as a cause/explanation in sentence continuations:

Explanation ("because"): backward causal — listeners seek the cause of the event described in the first clause
Result ("so"): forward causal — listeners infer the effect
Occasion ("and then"): temporal contiguity — no causal search

This interacts with verb semantics to produce implicit causality (IC) bias. @cite{solstad-bott-2022} @cite{solstad-bott-2024}

Contrast vs Correction #

@cite{umbach-2004} argues that both CONTRAST and CORRECTION are resemblance relations requiring alternatives that are similar (common integrator) and dissimilar (semantically independent). They differ in their type of exclusion:

CONTRAST: excludes additional alternatives (the second alternative holds in addition to the first; "but" with confirm+deny)
CORRECTION: excludes by substitution (the second alternative holds instead of the first; German sondern, English corrective "but")

Both are distinct from PARALLEL/SEQUENCE ("and"-coordination), which requires similarity+dissimilarity but no exclusion.

inductive Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceClass :

Kehler's three coherence classes, corresponding to Hume's three associative connections between ideas.

resemblance : CoherenceClass
causeEffect : CoherenceClass
contiguity : CoherenceClass

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCoherenceClass :

DecidableEq CoherenceClass

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCoherenceClass x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceClass.repr :

CoherenceClass → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceClass :

Repr CoherenceClass

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceClass = { reprPrec := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceClass.repr }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceClass.beq :

CoherenceClass → CoherenceClass → Bool

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceClass.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceClass :

BEq CoherenceClass

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceClass = { beq := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceClass.beq }

inductive Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceRelation :

Individual discourse coherence relations. Each relation specifies how the current segment connects to the prior one.

@cite{umbach-2004} §3: CONTRAST and CORRECTION are distinct resemblance relations that both require similarity+dissimilarity in their alternatives but differ in their exclusion type.

explanation : CoherenceRelation
result : CoherenceRelation
occasion : CoherenceRelation
elaboration : CoherenceRelation
parallel : CoherenceRelation
contrast : CoherenceRelation
correction : CoherenceRelation

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCoherenceRelation :

DecidableEq CoherenceRelation

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCoherenceRelation x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceRelation.repr :

CoherenceRelation → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceRelation :

Repr CoherenceRelation

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceRelation = { reprPrec := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCoherenceRelation.repr }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceRelation.beq :

CoherenceRelation → CoherenceRelation → Bool

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceRelation.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceRelation :

BEq CoherenceRelation

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceRelation = { beq := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCoherenceRelation.beq }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceRelation.toClass :

CoherenceRelation → CoherenceClass

Classify each relation into its coherence class.

Equations

Instances For

inductive Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CausalDirection :

Causal direction: does the relation seek a cause in the prior segment?

backward : CausalDirection
forward : CausalDirection
none : CausalDirection

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCausalDirection :

DecidableEq CausalDirection

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqCausalDirection x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCausalDirection.repr :

CausalDirection → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCausalDirection :

Repr CausalDirection

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCausalDirection = { reprPrec := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprCausalDirection.repr }

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCausalDirection :

BEq CausalDirection

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCausalDirection = { beq := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCausalDirection.beq }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCausalDirection.beq :

CausalDirection → CausalDirection → Bool

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqCausalDirection.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceRelation.causalDirection :

CoherenceRelation → CausalDirection

The causal direction of each relation.

Equations

Instances For

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceRelation.selectsCause (r : CoherenceRelation) :

Does this relation trigger a search for a cause?

Equations

r.selectsCause = (r.causalDirection == Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CausalDirection.backward)

Instances For

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CoherenceRelation.selectsEffect (r : CoherenceRelation) :

Does this relation trigger a search for an effect?

Equations

r.selectsEffect = (r.causalDirection == Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.CausalDirection.forward)

Instances For

inductive Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.Connective :

German/English connective forms used as experimental stimuli (@cite{solstad-bott-2022}, Exps 1–4).

because : Connective
andSo : Connective
although : Connective
andThen : Connective

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqConnective :

DecidableEq Connective

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instDecidableEqConnective x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprConnective :

Repr Connective

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprConnective = { reprPrec := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprConnective.repr }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instReprConnective.repr :

Connective → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Instances For

instance Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqConnective :

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqConnective = { beq := Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqConnective.beq }

def Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqConnective.beq :

Connective → Connective → Bool

Equations

Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.instBEqConnective.beq x✝ y✝ = (x✝.ctorIdx == y✝.ctorIdx)

Instances For

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.because_selects_cause :

Connective.because.toRelation.selectsCause = true

"because" selects for causes (backward causal).

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.andSo_selects_effect :

Connective.andSo.toRelation.selectsEffect = true

"and so" selects for effects (forward causal / I-Cons).

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.although_not_causal :

Connective.although.toRelation.selectsCause = false

"although" does not select for causes.

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.andThen_not_causal :

Connective.andThen.toRelation.selectsCause = false

"and then" does not select for causes.

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.because_andSo_opposite_directions :

Connective.because.toRelation.causalDirection = CausalDirection.backward ∧ Connective.andSo.toRelation.causalDirection = CausalDirection.forward

"because" and "and so" are both causal but in opposite directions: I-Caus is backward, I-Cons is forward.

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.causal_relations_same_class :

CoherenceRelation.explanation.toClass = CoherenceRelation.result.toClass

Both causal relations (explanation, result) belong to causeEffect class.

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.contiguity_relations_same_class :

CoherenceRelation.occasion.toClass = CoherenceRelation.elaboration.toClass

Occasion and elaboration belong to contiguity class.

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.contrast_correction_same_class :

CoherenceRelation.contrast.toClass = CoherenceRelation.correction.toClass

CONTRAST and CORRECTION are both resemblance relations (@cite{umbach-2004} §3.2, @cite{kehler-2002}).

theorem Core.Discourse.CoherenceRelation.contrast_ne_correction :

CoherenceRelation.contrast ≠ CoherenceRelation.correction

CONTRAST and CORRECTION are distinct relations despite sharing a class. @cite{umbach-2004} §3.2: they differ in exclusion type (additional vs substitution) and in the implicit question they respond to. German lexicalizes the difference: aber (contrast) vs sondern (correction).